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GUMICS

Basic Data
Model Name:
Main Institute:
Main Website:	http://www.space.fmi.fi/~pjanhune/gumics/
Contact Information:	Pekka Janhunen Finnish Meteorological Institute Space Research POB 503, FIN-00101, Helsinki, Finland email: pekka.janhunen@fmi.fi
Other Institutes and Websites:
Model Description
Category:
Type of model:
Statistical model:
Description:	GUMICS is a global solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling model. Its solar wind and magnetospheric part is based on solving the ideal MHD equations and its ionosphere part is based on solving the electrostatic current continuity equation. Advanced numerical methods such as automatically refined Cartesian octogrid and temporal subcycling are used to speed up the computation. The computational box is from -224 to +32 Earth radii in GSM X and from -64 to +64 Earth radii in Y and Z.
Bibliography:	- Janhunen.P, GUMICS-3 - a global ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling simulation with high ionospheric resolution, ESA Symposium Proceedings on 'Environmental Modelling for Space-based applications', ESTEC, Noordwijk, NL, 18-20 Sep 1996, ESA SP-392, 1996. - Janhunen.P, and H.E.J. Koskinen, The closure of Region-1 field-aligned current in MHD simulation, Geophys.Res.Lett., 24, 1419-1422, 1997. - Janhunen.P, and M.Palmroth, Some observational phenomena are well reproduced by our global MHD while others are not: Remarks on what, why and how, Adv. Space Res., 28, 1685-1691, 2001. - Palmroth.M, Janhunen.P, Pulkkinen.T.I, and Peterson.W.K: Cusp and magnetopause locations in global MHD simulation, J.Geophys.Res., 106, 29435-29450, 2001. - Palmroth.M, T.I.Pulkkinen, P.Janhunen.P. and C.C.Wu, 2003, Stormtime energy transfer in global MHD simulation, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A1), 1048, doi:101029/2002JA009446, 2003. - Palmroth.M, P.Janhunen, T.I.Pulkkinen and H.E.J. Koskinen, Ionospheric energy input as a function of solar wind parameters: global MHD simulation results, Ann. Geophys., 22, 549 566, 2004. - Palmroth.M, T.I.Pulkkinen, P.Janhunen and H.E.J. Koskinen, Ionospheric power consumption in global MHD simulation predicted from solar wind measurements, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol 32, no 4, 2004. - Palmroth.M, Pulkkinen.T.I, Janhunen.P, McComas.D.J, Smith.C, and Koskinen.H.E.J, Role of solar wind dynamic pressure in driving ionospheric Joule heating, J.Geophys.Res.,109, A11302, doi:10.1029/2004JA010529, 2004 - Kullen.A and P.Janhunen, Relation of polar cap arcs to magnetotail twisting and IMF rotations: a systematic MHD simulation study, Ann. Geophys., 22, 951-970, 2004. - Palmroth.M, P.Janhunen, T.I.Pulkkinen, A.Aksnes, G.Lu, N.Ostgaard, J.Watermann, G.D.Reeves and G.A. Germany, Assessment of ionospheric Joule heating by GUMICS-4 MHDsimulation, AMIE and satellite-based statistics: Towards a synthesis, Ann.Geophys., in press, 2005.
Range of validity, uncertainties:	MHD describes the large-scale behaviour of the magnetosphere. Quantities such as location and intensity of the bow shock, magnetosphere and tail current sheet come out reliably from the model, whereas quantities depending on non-MHD physics (such as Hall physics) are not reliable (for example, the reconnection rate in the tail). The cross polar cap potential found with GUMICS has been found to be consistent with observations. Among the chief uncertainties are the strength of the Region-2 current system and the behaviour of the inner magnetosphere more generally.
Outputs relevant to SpW:	Magnetosphere: Primary predicted quantities are plasma density, pressure, velocity and magnetic field vector in space and time. Ionosphere: Height-integrated Pedersen and Hall conductances, ionospheric potential, ionospheric electric field, precipitation power, Joule heating power, field-aligned currents, in space and time.
External input data:	Solar wind density, velocity and temperature as well as interplanetary magnetic field components.
External models required:	None besides those integrated in the model. Those integrated in the model include models for dayside solar UV-dependent conductivities, response of atmosphere to electron precipitation.
Implementation
Type of implementation:
Availability:
Password-protected / Registration required:
Platform / Operating system:	Developed on Linux; should be portable to other systems as well. Written in C++, visualisation subsystem uses Tcl/Tk and OpenGL.
Future extensions / upgrades
Future extensions / Upgrades:
Contact person in CA724/WG
Contact person in CA724: Name:
e-mail:	minna.palmroth@fmi.fi
Phone:
Fax:

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